Electromagnet



May 1o. 1927;

c. D@ AxlNswoRTH ELECTROMAGNET 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 1,- 1922- May c. D. AlNswoRTH sLEcTnouAGNET Filed sept. 1. 192:2

4 Sheets-Sheet 4- ii i) Patented May 10, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHESTER D. AINSWORTH, OF WOLLASTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO CONDIT ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURING CORPORATION, OF BOS- TON, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS.

ELECTROMAGNET.

Application filed September l, 1922.

535,220, vtiled February 2, 1922;

Serial No. 522,227, liled December 121, 1921;

, Sept. l, 1922. AFig. l is a side elevation of an elect-ric switch lurving :in electro-magnet. embodying Serial No. %.(372, liled my invention.

is o. side elevation oit the electrouizrsrnet.

Fie'. 3 is a plan View oit Fre, 2.

Fig'. #l is n, 'iront View olif 2 With paris ol the oper*l np; mechanism removed.

Fig. 5 is fr ont View ot' the magnetl traine. Fig. G is a detail of the plunger and opersting' lever.

L. 7 is n. sectional elevation of the insg net traine alongy line 7 7 ot Fig. 3.

Fi 8 is e. sectional elevation of the cov-er platt-Belong; line 7-34' of Fig. 3.

Fie; 9 is rear View of' the inziggnet traine of 7. Fig. 1() upward.

Fir. 1l is View illustrating' the magnet combined with zi shaft adopted to operate :t grano; of electric switches simultaneously. if Figi'. 12 is :t sectional detail of the tace plate and plunger ot the tripping coil, alone; line T T ol Fig. 3.

Wip". 1S is @detail opt the plunger ot the is a bottoni view ot 1, looking tripiiiing coil.

The electro-magnet strutture embodying inv invention is ofthe iron-clad solenoid type ond includes 1n.l gnet freine or shell 15 termed ot magnetic, materiel, es cast iron, and which, es on integral structure, is adepted to (fontein the solenoid adapted to efleet the closing ot the switch, and a separate solenoid adopted to control the tripping, or opening. of the switch. For this purpose.l the traine is formed With the eylindricallyshaped recess 1G adopted to receive a switchclos'ing; solenoid A, und n second and smaller cylindricri.llyshaped recess 17 arranged beneath and at r` t :ingles to said first recess :uid adapted to receive the switch tripping Serial No. 585,672.

solenoid B. The inner Woll 18 ol: the closing solenoid recess 16 is formed with the ariel and cylindri nlly-sheped projection 19 adapted to enter and forni a pole piece for the closingl solenoid, und seid pole-piece is here shown is integrally Jr'orlned With the resr will 18, although it may beotherwise zirranged.

The rear face ot the Wall 18 is torined with raised portion or base 2O whereby the rear Wall, in the Vicinity of the pole piece, is ot increased cross-sectional eren. end the remainder ot the Well whereby to ai'oid concentration otl magnetic flux, and, consequently, increased reluctance, o't' the freine at this point.

The front 'tace of the magnet traine is formed Wih a plurality of slots 21 disposed at linrions aneularly-releted points about its periphery and which extend into the closing solenoid recess 16 and are adapted to receive the solenoid leeds, and the arrangement provides ineens by which the solenoid leads infiy be brought ont of the freine et a point inost convenient tor connection with a control eircuit. W

The reer ffice ot seid Well 18 is or may be formed with the corner bosses 22 ell 'forni feet which are adopt-ed to engine the 'traine ot a switch, or other support, end bolt* receiving' apertures niey be 1formed the magnet traine which extend 'thro l said bosses.

The reer well 25 of the trippinerecess 17' also is or may be inten' lly .torn'ied with unaxial,inwardly-project l and cylindriczillyshaiiied pole-piece 2G which is adr-.pb el to enter the tripping' solenni. The onter fece o1 t-lie i .ill ot seid ,s also or may be formed n plurality of en related slots 2i" adopted to receive of the closingn solei.. d. not occupied by solenoi( vent passages for the seine is `iilso true l recess.

The megnet traine is or inny be formed with the substantially flat top fece 28 adapt ed `to receive an auxiliary or indnotingswitch hereinafter to be described.

The closing; solenoid recess 16 wi l.h the solenoid therein is covered by the tace pl 30 which is disposed over the recess and secured to the walls ot the me net traine i solenoid ,the enoi .fl reces or the closine` solenoid Cab housing by the bolts 3l which are or may be threaded into the magnet trame. Said tace plate is mace ot magnetic material and terms part ot the magnetic circuit of the solenoid. Said tace plate is adapted to support components of the operating mechanism and it and the attaching means therefor are so arranged that the tace plate may be secured to the magnet frame in a plurality ot angularly related positions, and especially in relatively reversed positions, whereby to permit the magnet to operate switch or other apparatus through mechanism disposed mainly above, or mainly below, the closing solenoid, as desired.

Said tace plate is or may be formed with a hub or boss 3?) projecting from its inner face and said hub is adapted to extend into the solenoid. The :tace plate and hub are formed with the cylindrical passage through which the armature or plunger 35 is movably extended into the solenoid. Said hub 33 provides means to reduce the concentration et the magnetic flux between the tace plate and the plunger.

Said plunger 35 is or may be pivotally connected to the spaced levers 36 which are pivoted, by the pin 38, to the lugs 3T, or it may be one lug, extended trom an edge of the outer face ot the tace plate. For this purpose, the extended end-portion of said plunger may be formed with the opposed flat side-faces 39 which are disposed between the spaced levers 3G and a pin el() may pivotally connect said plunger and levers. Said plunger is or may7 be provided. with an end slot lll which may receive a single lever, not shown, in place ot the dual levers 36 when desired, and said single lever may be pivotally received between said lugs 3T.

Said `tace plate also is or may be formed or provided with the tour pairs ot spaced ,and outwardly extended lugs disposed at the upper and lower portions ot the tace plate and on opposite sides ot the levers 36 tor the purpose of supporting an arm adapted to connect the operating mechanism ot the magnet structure with an auxiliary switch, as will hereinafter be described.

Said levers 36 extend downwardly below the plunger and a pin te may connect the ends thereof, and a roller may be disposed on said pin between said levers and adapted to bear against and engage suit-able operating mechanism carried by the magnet frame and disposed below the closing magnets.

The operating mechanism includes the operating shaft i6 which is horizontally disposed below the tace plate 30 and at right angles to the levers 36 and is rotatably supported in bearings -l which are integrally formed with and extend torwardljv 'from the opposite side walls of the tripping solenoid portion ot tbe magnet trame. Said bearings may be provided with the removable bearingl caps 48.

in arm Lt9 is lixed to said shaft between said bearings and extends upwardly toward said levers 36, and may be formed with the tiat 'tace 50 which is adapted to be engaged by the roller 45 carried by said levers 3G and forced inwardly to rotate the operating shaft l-i in a clockwise direction, Fig. Q, when the closing solenoid is energized. Preferably means are provided whereby loosely to connect said arm and levers positively and prevent the displacement ot said levers trom operative relation trom said arm when the mechanism is released by the tripping sole-l noid, and restored rapidly to a position corresponding to the open position ot a switch connected therewith. Said means may comprise the links which are or may be loosel)v pivoted on the pin {tf-lcarried by said levers and disposed on opposite sides of the roller l5 and also disposed on opposite sides ot lsaid arm 49 and loosely pivotally connected therewith by the pin 53. Said links pret'- erably are sutliciently loosely connected with said pins as to permit the operative engagement ot the roller 45 and arm lll and yetlimit the extent ot separation ot said mem bers.

A socket member 55 is or may be fixed to said operating shat't, preferably on one side ot a bearing e7 there't'or, and may nave a recess 56 adapted to removably receive a handle7 or it may be otherwise arranged, whereby to permit the rotation ot the shaft by hand to operate the switch or other appa- `latus connected with said shaft.

Said arm i9 is or may be integral with a second arm 60 which is extended downwardly below said shat't and is adapted to etllect the locking ot the mechanism in and the release thereoit trom switch-closed position through connection with the tripping solenoid and associated mechanism.

The tripping solenoid is enclosed in its recess in the .magnet trame by the tace plate Gl which is secured to said trame over the recess by suitable means as the bolts 652. Said 'tace plate is or may be similar in construction to the tace plate for the closing solenoid and includes the boss 63 having the aperture 6a; in which the armature or plunger 65 oit the tripping solenoid is mov ably received. Said plunger G5 is cylindrical in 'formation and is or may be Jformed with the lug (i6 at its lower face. A. U-shapod strap-men'ilgier 6'4" is secured to said lug and depe downwardly 'troni the plunger and adapted to provide means by which the plunger is operatively connected with a locking and tripping lever, or the connectionl may be otherwise formed.

Said tace plate 6l is or may be formed or provided with the spaced depending lugs GS adapted to receive and support a pin in front. of said plunger 65, and a latch roller 70 is or may be loosely received on said pin between said lugs. y

.t locking and tripping lever 72 is received n a slot loi-ined in said depending arm connected to said operating shaft and is or may be ll'iimta'lly connected to said arm by suitable. n'xeans as the pin 73. Said lever is extended rearwardly between the lugs (5S ot the tripping solenoid i'ace plate and over the 'roller 70 tl'lereoi' and the end ot said lever is ieceivcd between the strapnieniber (i7 or' the plungerI of the tripping solenoid. The lower tace of said lever 72 is tornied with the notch 7 Ll therein adapted to receive the latch roller and the wall 743 ot said notch is adapted to be substantially tangential to the arc of movement ot the lever at the roller, whereby said roller is etl'octive' to hold the lever in locking position and coi'isequently hold the operatingl mechanism in switch-closed position. lVhen, however, said tripping solenoid is energized, the plunger 65 thereof is forcibly attracted upwardly and consequently engages said lever 72 and raises it upwardly above the roller 7() whereupon the operating mechanism is moved to open position by the switch mechanism, or by other means, and the lever 72 slides rearwardly within the strap member of the plunger 65.

Said magnet structure is particularly adapted to operate the switch illustrated in Fig. l and may be attached directly to thc 'trame 75 ot said switch. Said switch is characterized by having internally disposed operating mechanism and an operating shaft 75" which is extended through and laterally beyond said casing, on one or both sides thereof, as may be desirable. A depending alrni 75l is or may be fixed to said shaft and n rod 75 may be pivotally connected therewith. The outer end of said rod may be slidably received in the guide member 75d` oi the switch casing'. A spring 75e may encircle said rod and press against said guide member and an' abutment 75f of the rod and 'torni means by which the switch is moved into open position, and said spring may also move the operating mechanism of magnet structure to open position.

The operating shaft 4.6 of the magnet structure may have an arm iXed thereto on one side, or it may be opposite sides, of the magnet frame and said arm maybe p iv otally connected with a rod 81 which also is pivotally connected with the arm 751b of the switch whereby operably to connect the operating mechanism or the magnet struc# turewith the switch. lll/hen the closing solenoid is energized, theplunger 35 thereof is forcibly attracted and moves the levers 336 into engagement with the arm 49 of the operating slia'ttU, whereby tovrotate said shaft to compress the spring i' and close the switch. The switch and the operating mechanism are locked in closed position by engagement olf' the lool-:ing and tripping lever 72 with the roller 70. li'vlhen the tripping` solenoid is energized said lever 72 is raised fiom engagement with the roller 70 and said spring 75Q operates to move the switch and the operating mechanism oit thc magnet structure into open position.

Said operatii'ig shat't may extend beyond the magnet trame in both directions tor connection with other apparatus, if desired.

An insulating plate 85, or it may be two such plates, may be secured to a side oit said magnet trame and have terminal connectors or binding posts SG adapted to be connected with the terminals ot the closing and tripping solenoids and also with the respective circuit leads for said solenoids.

n auxiliary or signalling switch is usually or may be associated with the main switch to control remotely disposed indicating devices and indicate the open or closed condition ol the switch. The auxiliary switch Q0 may be secured on the tlat top face 2S of the magnet 'frame and may have a movable inember 91 which is adapted to be actuated by the magnet structure in accordance with the operation ot the main switch. lFor this purpose, a lever' may be pivotally connected with said movable member 91 and piv'otally received on the pin'SS between a pair of lugs 4t2 of the cover plate 30. Said lever may extend below said lugs and be formed with a slot 9l in which is received the reduced end portion of the pin it), which pin serves to connect the plunger ot' rthe closing solenoid` with its levers 36, or it may otherwise be connected with said levers. It is obvious that said lever 92 will be recip roc-ated to control the auxiliary switch as the operating mechanism of the magnet structure is operated to closl and opcnthc main switch.

Said lugs 42 are or may be provided with a plurality of pivot-pin holes 95 by which the leverage of the lever and consequently the throw thereof may be varied whereby to adapt the magnet structure vlior various types oit' auxiliary switches. Said lever 92 adapted to be ,pivotally supported by any of `said pairs of lugs, and be connected with either end-*portion otsaid pin 40.

Fig. 6 shows arelatix'iely reversed position of the face plate 30 and the levers 3G and, as thus arranged, the closing solenoid may control a switcl'i by over-head metaanisin not shown.

An important object oi the invention is the construction and arrangement et the magnet structure by which the closing mag net may act directly on and rotate a shaft extended between and connected to a of switches, whereby to operate said switches Cui simultaneously. Fig. 1l illustrates such an arrangement. As shown, the operating shaft 425, which corresponds to the shaft 4G, is or may be extended on both sides of the magnet structure and the ends thereof may be supported in fixed bearings 100.

firms 101 may be fixed in spaced relation on said shaft and are adapted to be corn nected through suitable linkages, not shown, with the sivitch mechanisms. If desired, a plurality of magnet structures may be connected 1with the same line of shaft-ing.

The construction illustrated herewith may be modilied Without departing from the spirit of the invention.

l claim:

l. An electro-magnet comprising the conn bination of a magnet frame, a solenoid therein, a plunger' operable in the solenoid, a pivoted lever connected with said plunger intermediate its length and pivoted to said 'trame at one side of said plunger, and a rotatably supported operating shaft dieH posed at the other side of said plunger and having an arni arranged for engagement with said pivoted lever said shaft having an extension disposed at one side of said arm and having a second arm on said ei;- tension.

An electro-magnet comprising the coinbination of a magnet frame having a recess, a lsolenoid received in said recess, a facep ate secured removably to said magnetl "rame over the recess and solenoid comprisng a cover for the recess, a plunger movably ceired in said solenoid and face-plate, a ver pivoted to said face-plate at one side of V`aid plunger' and connected with said langer, and a rotatably supported operatng shaft disposed at the other side of said plunger and having` an arm arranged for engagement with said pivoted lever.

il. in electro-magnet comprising the coinbination of an integral maO'net frame having recesses therein, closing and tripping sole noids received in said recesses, an operating shaft rotatably supported in bearings of said magnet frame between said solenoids and having a laterally extended arm, a plunger operated by said closing solenoid. a lever pivoted to said magnetframe at one side of said plunger and connected with said plunger and extended thereacross for engagement- With the arm of said shaft, 'wherew by to rotate the shaft, locking means associated with said shaft, and a plunger operable in said tripping solenoid arranged to control sind locking means.

el. fin electro-magnet comprising the conn bination of a magnet frame, a rotatably supported operating shaft havino a laterally extended arm, a pivoted armature structure iged to bear against said arm, whereby to rotate said shaft, and means loosely connecting said armature structure positively with said shaft, comprising links loosely connected With said arm and armature.

5. An electro-magnet comprising the coinbination of a magnet frame, a rotatably supported operating` shaft having a laterally extended arm, a pivoted armature structure arranged to bear against said arm, whereby to rotate said shaft, and means loosely connecting said armature structure positively with said shaft comprising links loosely connected with said arm and armature adjacent the point of engagement of said arm and armature.

G. An electro-magnet comprising the combination of a magnet frame having a recess, a solenoid received therein, a face-plate cured to said magnet frame over the recess and solenoid comprising a cover for said recess, a plunger movable in said face-plate and solenoid, a pivoted depending lever carried by said face-plate and a connected with said plunger, an operating shaft carried by bearings ofI said magnet frame below said lever and having an upstanding arm disposed between its bearings and arranged to be engaged by said pivoted lever, and means loosely` connecting said arm and lever positively.

7. in electro-magnet comprising the combination of a closing magnet, an armature therefor, an operating shaft, means operably connecting said armature and shaft, and means to hold said shaft releasingly against rotation including a fixed projection, a pivoted lever carried by and movable with said shaft arranged to engage and be held b v said fixed projection, whereby to hold said shaft from rotation, and a tripping magnet arranged to move said pivoted lever from engagement- With said fixed projection.

8. An electro-magnet comprising the combination of a closing magnet, an armature therefor, an operating shaft, means operably connecting said armature and shaft, and means to hold said shaft releasingly against rotation including a fixed projection, a pivoted lever carried by said shaft arranged to engage and be held by said lined projection, a tripping solenoid having a plunger arranged to move said pivoted lever from engrr-gement with said fixed projection, and means loosely connecting said plunger and pivoted lever arranged to admit of a transverse movement of said pivoted lever rela tive to and in engagement with said plunger.

9. An electro-magnet comprising the combination of a closing magnet, an armature therefor including a depending lever, an operating shaft, means operably connecting said armature and operating shaft including an arm upstanding from said shaft and dis posed for engagement with said lever, and means to hold said shaft releasingly against rotation comprising a second arm depending from said shaft, a fixed projection, a locking lever pivoted to said depending arm arranged to engage said ixed projection releasingly, and a tripping solenoid having a plunger loosely connected with said locking device lever arranged to move it trom locking engagement with said iXcd projection.

lO. An electro-magnet comprising the combination of a closing magnet, an armas ture therefor, an operating shaft, means op era bly connecting said armature `and operating shalt, and means to hold said shaft releasingly against rotation comprising an arm extended laterally 'from saidy shaft, a` lined projection, a locking lever pivoted to said ari'n arranged to engage said fixed projection releasingly, and a tripping solenoid having a levcrbperating plunger formed with a transverse passage therethrough in which said locking lever is loosely received.

ll. An electro-magnet comprising the combination oi a magnet trame, a closing magnet having an armature, a rotatably` supported operating shaft operably connected with said armature, said magnet traine having` recess, a tripping solenoid received in said recess, a faceplate secured to said magnet iframe over said. recess and solenoid, a roller carried by said faceplate, a locking lever pivctally carried by said operating sha-ift arranged to engage said roller i.eleasingly, and a plunger operated by said solenoid having ineans .loosely connecting it with said locking lever whereby to release it trom locking engagement -with said projection.

l2. An electro-magnet comprising the combination et a magnet traine having a recess, a closing` solenoid received in said recess, a face-plate secured to said magnet trame over slid recess and solenoid, a lever pivotcd to said ifaceeplate, a plunger movably received in said 'face-plate and solenoid and pivotally connected with said lever, an operating shalt rotatably supported by said magnet ,traine having a. laterally extended arm arranged to be engaged by said pivoted lever, said operatingA shaft also having a second laterally extended arm, a latch. lc'ver pivoted to and carried by said second arm, said magnet -trame having a second recess, a tripping solenoid received thereiil'i, a Yt'ace pla-te secured to said iframe over said recess and tripping solenoid, said 'faceplate having a locking projection arranged to be releasingly engaged by said latch lever, and a plunger movably received in said face plate and closing solenoid having means to engage said latch lever and move it from locking engagement with said locking projection.

13. iin electro-magnet comprising` the combination ot a magnet frame, having a recess, a closing solenoid received in said recess, a tace-plate secured to said magnet traine over said recess and solenoid, a lever pivoted to said face-plate, a plunger mov.- ably received in said faceplate and solenoid and pivotally connected With said lever, an operating` shaft rotatably supported by said magnet traine having a laterally extended arm arranged to be engaged by said pivoted lever, said operating shaft also having a second laterally extended arm, a locking lever pivoted to and carried by said second arm, .iid magnet trame having a ,Second recess, a tripping solenoid received therein, a `tacepiate secured to said traine over said recess and tripping solenoid, said tace plate ,having ka locking projection arranged to be rele singly engagt-id by said locking lever, and a plunger ,movably receivcd in said lace plate and cl sing solenoid having means to engage sa locking lever and move it from locking engagement with said locking projection, said means :fanged loosely to engage said locking lever and permit transverse movements ot said lever relative to said plunger.

il. in electro-manner having the conibination oi' a magnet aine formed with a recess therein, a closing solenoid received in said recess, a tace-plate secur removy to sain nnignet frame over said recess and closing solenoid and comprising a cover for both, an operating shalt rotatably supported by said magnet frame beloxvsaid face-plate, said shaft having an upxvardljv extended arm, a lever pivoted 'to said face plate at the upper end thereoiu and extended downward for engagement with said arm, a plunger connected with said lever beloiv its pivoted end and movably received in said -face-plate and solenoid, and electrically controlled locking and releasing means tor said operating shaft.

l5. An electro-magnet comprising the combination o't an integral magnet 'trame having tivo recesses therein arranged at substantially ht jles, a closinglr solei'ioid and a trippin solenoid received in f d re cesses, lace-plates removably recesses and solenoids, said ,nim-inet 'traine ha ving' integral spaced bearingl supports laterally extended below said closing; solo noid, an operating shaft rotatable received in said supports, an armature for said closing solenoid pivotally supported by the closing-solenoid tace-plate and operably connected with said operating shaft intermediate said bearing supports, an armature for said tripping solenoid, and locking and releasing` means for said operating shaft associated with said tripping-solenoid armature and including a projection depending` belovv and carried by the face plate of said trip ping` solenoid, and a latch-lever carried by said shaft arranged to ride over said projection and engage said tripping solenoid.

16. An electro-magnet comprising a inagnet Jiframe having a recess therein, a solenoid lll) received in said recess, an armature for said solenoid, a tace-plate arranged to cover said recess and solenoid, an operating lever connected v-:ith said armature and pivoted to said face plate at one side of said armature, and means to secure said tace-plate to said magnet iframe in a plurality of angularlyrelated positions, ivhereby to permit said operating lev r to operate mechanism disposed in various angularly related positions.

17. An electro-magnet structure comprisr the combination ot a magnet trame hava solenoid and an armature, an operatshatt rotatably supported in and extended .on opposite sides of said magnet trame, said shaft having means operably connecting it With said armature, bearingl supports arranged to rotatably support tlie extended ends of said shaft, and a plurality of spaced connecting members carried by said shaft arranged for operative connection with the operating mechanisms of a gang ot switches.

18. in electro-magnet comprising a inagnet frame having a recess, a solenoid received therein, a face-plate secured to said magnet frame over said recess and solenoid and comprising a cover for both, a lever pivoted to said trame, a plunger connected ivith said lever and movable Within said solenoid. a second lever, and a plurality ot angularly-related lugs projecting from said face plate each adapted pivotally to receive and support said lever.

15). An electro-magnet comprising a magnet trame having a recess, a solenoid received therein, a tace-plate carried by said magnet frame over said recess and solenoid, an operating` lever pivoted to said face plate,

plunger connected to said lever and operable Within the solenoid, a second lever independently pivoted to said face plate, and means t-o operate both levers simultaneously.

20. An electro-magnet comprising a magnet trame having a recess, a solenoid received therein, a face plate carried by said magnet frame over said recess and solenoid, an operating lever pivoted to said tace plate, a plunger connected to said lever and operable Within the solenoid, an arm pivoted to said face plate adjacent and connected loosely with said lever, and an auxiliary switch carried by said magnet trame having its movable switch member connected with said arm.

E21. An electro-magnet comprising the combination of a magnet trame having closin0- and tripping magnets. an armature for said closing magnet, a rotatably supported operating shaft operably connected with said armature, an arm pivotally carried by said operating shaft, and an armature :tor said tripping magnet carried by said pivoted arm.

22. An electro-magnet comprising the combination ot a. magnetl trame having a closing solenoid and a tripping solenoid, a rotatably supported operating shaft, a plunger for said closing solenoid operabl)r connected with said operating shaft, an arm pivotally carried by said operating' shaft, and a plunger for said trippingr solenoid carried by said pivoted arm.

23. An electro-magnet comprising the combination ot a magnet frame having a closing solenoid and a tripping solenoid, a rotatably lsupported operating shaft, a plunger for said closing solenoid opera-bly connected With said operating shaft, an arm eccentrically pivoted to said operating shaft, and a plunger for said tripping solenoid carried by said pivoted arm.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

CHESTER D. AINSWORTH. 

